Steam-turbine.



J. B. MCCORMICK: STEAM TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27. I917.

Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l- J. B. McCORMICK.

STEAM TURBINE.

I FILED SEPT-27. 19H

. APPLIC I I I lfim 1 m Patented Apr. 2 3, 1918.

. 4 SHEET s sssss 2.

mwwmwwa V J. B. MCCORMICK.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICA'HON FILED SEPT. 27, 19' 1.

1 ;%6%1 3% Patented Apr.- 23,1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3' 1. B, MCCURMICK.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27. 9| I: fi fififi 1 fi$u a Patented Apr. 23, 1918. v v 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- (Ii tune memes.

v a specification.

toxins. MQCOBMICK, or CHESTER; rnnmsvtvama;

sT'EAMTURBmE. 4

thecity of Chester, county of Delaware, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented.

certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines,of which the following is My invention relatesto that type. of steam turbines in which is employed a, double runner, provided on the inner face ofits rim or rims which overhang the steam jet cle vices, with two annular setsof buckets, the

one set arranged to face in a direction opposite to that of the other, so that the runner maybe caused to revolve in one direction or the otherQaccording .towhich set of L buckets is acted upon by the steam jet. The

object of my invention is to [produce a simple, economical and efficient steam turbine of this type, to which end it consists of certain improvements which will first be described in connection with the accompany ing. drawings forming part of this specifics; tion,'and will then be more particularly pointed out in the claim. I

In said drawings- F'gure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section of a steam turbine embodying my im-. provements in their preferred form, the sectional portion being on line 11, Fig. 4. Fig-.2, is a similar sectional elevation of the same,the line of section being on line 2-2, Fig. 4:.

Fig. 3, isa horizontal cross section of the engine on finch-3, Fig. 1. e Fig. 4' is a vertical cross section on line 4-4 ,Fig. 1 j

j A is the eminen e-a1 casing me n two parts a, a. bolted together as shown. From the interior opposite facesof thecasingpro ject steam chests B, B, each of them preferably cast integral with the part of the easing with which itis associated.

Transversely through each steam chest afterward be bored out to providethe tubular bearings for the'driven shaft C. j

On its longer axis each steam chest is prolonged symmetrically, on each side ofthe huh I) or b to provide a passage way for the steam jet which actsuponthe buckets of the turbine wheel or runner,and a seat which the inner face of the overhanging *rimjof the; runner snugly fits and contacts with during its revolution; Such prolongations are lettered Y)", Z) in the steamchest B. and

b 6 in the steamchest Bf; thesteam jet passage way in said prolongations is letteredb in the steam chest B, and 6 in the steam'chest B, andthe bearing surfaces or seats "atthe outer extremities of said prospecification cfLettersPatent. PatentedAprflS; 191.; Application filed September 27, 1917. Seria1No. 193,422. V

longationsare letteredbfi and b forsteam chests and B respectively. H

. he double runner or turbine wheel is mounted upon that portion ofthe shaft C which extends between the interior opposite facesof the two steam chests B, B. Its

"hub (Z is mounted on and keyed or otherwise suitablyfas'tened to the shaft, and its web dyof circular form, carrieson itsouter edge annular rims 6Z2 whichlaterallyproject from opposite sides of "the web,lso as to overhang the prolongations bfitndbf of the steam chests, and to-revolve over and in contact with seats or bearing surfaces 6 and 6' at theiouter ends ofsaid prolonga sets of bncketsd are the same in both rims sa ve that'the buckets in the one rim face tions 6 and 6. respectively. The annular in a direction opposite to that in which the buckets in the other rim face, asindicated in Figsil and 2; and the steam jet passage ways b and b ofthe steam chests 13,13 respectively are also "correspondingly reversely inclined as indicated in the same figures. In each rim the annular series of buckets is formed in an intermediate portion of its inner face, leaving on each side of the buck; etsa smooth unbrokensurface to the rlm which fits and revolves in close contact with seats 6, b as indicated in Figspl and 4011 the steam chests,thus preventingthe escape of steam which is discharged from the jets If, 6 until after the buckets shall have passedbeyond said seats 72*. 6 The double.

runner or turbine wheel contacts with the steam chests, only at the diametrically opposite points on the two steam chests, where the inner faces of the overhanging iriins 'meetffor a brief period during their revolution, the seats b 6. allotherpoints there is no contact, and'the exhaust steam'is single integral casting, or it may be castseparately in two partsone for each set of bucketssuitably associated together to move as one with the shaft on which they are mounted. The latter arrangement, which. is on the whole to be preferred, is shown in the. drawings, the double runner beingthere represented as made in twoparts boltedtogether back to back. The dimensions ofthe (Jo-acting parts of the runner or turbine wheel and the steam jets and bearingsu rfaces or seats surrounding the same may be varied considerably without departure from my invention. I have obtained good results from an arrangement like that illustrated in thedrawing, wherein the discharge end. of the steam jet is ofa width equal'to that of the bucket, andof a fore and aft length equal to the combined running lengthof the mouths of two buckets, as indicated in Fig. 1; and,-with a view to obtain uniform and regular propulsive impulse, I prefer to stagger the arrangement of the buckets with reference to the two steam jets ofeac'h steam chest, so that when two buckets precisely fit over and cover the jet at oneend of the steam chest, the jetfat'the opposite end of the steam chest will be in communication with three buckets, the two endbuckets being each half open, and the intermediate bucket being full open, to the jet. 7 7

The steam from the runner, as its buckets pass b'eyond the bearing surface or seat 6* orbs, is discharged therefrom into the interio'r of the casing from which it is carried off through a suitably located exhaust, typified atYE; the water of condensation which may form will gather at the bottom of the casing, from whence it can be drawn off when necessary through a suitable pet cock F." ,Tlie steamcarried off through the exhaust can be used to drive a low pressure engine or for any .other desired purpose. a Steam is supplied to the steam chests through a pipe G leading from a suitable source of steam supply, one branch 9 of which pipe leads to steam chest .B, and the other branch, 9' tosteam chest B, opening into their respective steam chests through opposite sides of the casing. .At the point where the mains'team supply pipe G branches, a three-way cock H is located by whichsteam from the main. supply G can be directed into either branch 9 or g" or shut off from both branches, at will, for the purpose'of startreversing or stopping the engine as desired, and as usual-inthis: class of engines.

There is a clearance space It between each face of the web and the head of the steam chest which adjoins it. The interior of the hubsare lined with suitable bushings 2', and spaces is are preferably left beyond the bushings and between them and the adj oining hub of the runner, for the reception of thrust blocks to be interposed between the steam chest and the hub of the runner to counteract any tendency to end thrust on the part of the latter. Appropriate lubricating appliances (not shown) are of course employed to ease the rotary movement of the driven shaft C in its bearings.

Having. described my improvements and the best way now known to me of carrying the same into practical effect, I state in conclusion that. I do not limit myself narrowly to the structural details hereinbefore shown and setforth in illustration of my invention, since manifestly the same can be varied to a considerable extent without departure from the spirit of the invention; but' what I clainrherein as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a steam turbine the combination of a casing provided with a steam exhaust; steam chests one on the inner face of each head of the casing; a. shaft passing axially through the casing and steam chests and mounted in proper bearings therein; a double runner or turbine wheel comprising a web mounted on and fixed to said shaft at a point between the interior opposite heads of the two steam chests, and two annular rims laterally projecting from opposite faces of the web at its periphery, and overhanging the steam chests buckets formed in the inner face of each rim which open and discharge into the space circumscribed by the rim in a direction toward the walls of the steam chest; radial and approximately diametrically opposite tubular prolongations on said steam chests, terminating in nozzles for the passage of the steam jet, which contact at their outer extremities alone with the inner bucketed faces of their respective rims, the inclination of the one set of buckets and its cooperating steam jets being in a direction opposite to the other, and the arrangement being such that the steam. which escapes from the buckets as the latter pass beyond the nozzles discharges inwardly toward and against the steam chest walls, and thence freely passes out laterally from the open space between the steam chests and the overhanging rims of the runner into the interior of the casing; and means for supplying steam to one or the other of the steam chests or cutting'it off from both at will.

In testimony whereof I hereto aliix my signature; I

JOHN B. MCCORMICK.

denies-of this patent may be obtained. m five cents each, by addres g h cbiymissiflngr 01 P311585, Washington, D. J 

